Guano Mania

The late 1840s saw the U.S. gripped by guano mania, leading farmers to seek government intervention for cheaper bird droppings. When American prospectors claimed Aves Island, it sparked a diplomatic crisis with Venezuela, raising concerns about U.S. imperial ambitions. Amidst European colonialism, the U.S. grappled with its identity, having expanded through territorial acquisition while avoiding the label of colonialism.