Mall Evolution
Gruen, initially a pioneer of mall design, transformed into a critic of his own creation after witnessing its impact on urban spaces. As America's fascination with traditional malls waned, lifestyle centers emerged, offering open-air shopping experiences that align more closely with Gruen's original vision. Meanwhile, many old malls are being repurposed to serve diverse community needs, reflecting a shift in consumer preferences and urban planning.In this clip
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99% Invisible
The Gruen Effect
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