Dennis Rasmussen on Hume and Smith and The Infidel and the Professor

Public Postures

The public expressions of religious beliefs by David Hume and Adam Smith significantly influenced their reputations. Hume, known for his skepticism, was open about his lack of faith, which led to his rejection from academic positions due to his irreligion 1. In contrast, Smith was more reticent, possibly due to personal and professional considerations, including his relationship with his pious mother 2. This cautious approach allowed him to maintain a respected academic career. Dennis Rasmussen notes that Smith's tribute to Hume, describing him as wise and virtuous, sparked controversy among devout Christians, highlighting the tension between their public postures and personal beliefs 3.

Upon the whole, I have always considered him, both in his lifetime and since his death, as approaching as nearly to the idea of a perfectly wise and virtuous man as perhaps the nature of human frailty will permit.

--- Adam Smith

Smith's careful navigation of his religious views contrasts sharply with Hume's openness, reflecting their differing approaches to public and private belief.

   

Critiques and Legacies

The critiques faced by Hume and Smith due to their religious views played a crucial role in shaping their philosophical legacies. Smith's writings, particularly "The Theory of Moral Sentiments," reveal a complex relationship with religion, where he acknowledges the practical benefits of belief in God while crafting his moral theory independently of religious premises 4. His reticence in openly discussing his beliefs may have been influenced by societal expectations and his academic role, as seen in the evolution of his work to become less religious over time 5. Hume's death, scrutinized for signs of religious recantation, was documented by Smith, who sanitized the account to avoid highlighting Hume's impiety 6.

The all wise Author of nature has in this manner taught man to respect the sentiments and judgments of his brethren.

--- Adam Smith

These critiques and their handling reveal the delicate balance both philosophers maintained between personal belief and public perception, influencing their enduring impact on philosophical thought.