Monarchy vs. Republic

Sovereignty in a monarchy is embodied in a single person, while in a republic, it resides with the people. The historical landscape reveals that ancient republics were sparse, primarily concentrated around the Mediterranean, with notable examples in Greece and Phoenicia. Additionally, regions like northern India and the Igbo cities in Nigeria showcased early republican forms of governance, highlighting a diverse evolution of political structures throughout history. The rise of republics in late medieval Europe was largely driven by the dynamics of trade and commerce.