Where Did Mathematical Symbols Come From? (Encore)

Multiplication Symbol

The multiplication symbol, commonly represented as 'x', has an intriguing history. It was first introduced by Scottish mathematician John Napier in 1618, who used it to connect magnitudes in mathematical expressions 1. However, this symbol has caused confusion, especially when 'x' is also used as a variable. Gottfried Leibniz, a co-inventor of calculus, criticized this usage, leading to the adoption of a dot as an alternative multiplication symbol in Europe 1.

With the advent of computers, the asterisk has been adopted as a multiplication symbol simply because it's in the ASCII character set.

--- Gary Arndt

This evolution highlights the adaptability of mathematical notation to technological advancements.

   

Division Symbol

The evolution of division symbols reflects changes in mathematical conventions over time. The obolus, a line with dots above and below, was first used by Swiss mathematician Johann Rahn in 1659 1. Despite its historical significance, it has fallen out of favor, primarily used in elementary education and on some calculators.

Personally, I hate the obelisk. I found it really confusing, and I don't think kids should be taught division using it, because they'll never see it again in their lives.

--- Gary Arndt

Today, the solidus or forward slash is preferred, aligning more closely with the fractional division line and introduced much later in 1845 1.