How does sodium affect neuron function?

Sodium plays a crucial role in the function of neurons, primarily by enabling the action potential, which is the fundamental way in which neurons communicate. Inside the neuron, there are various ions, but the difference in sodium concentration inside and outside the neuron creates a voltage difference across the cell membrane. When a neuron is activated, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to rush into the cell. This influx changes the electrical charge of the cell, triggering the action potential. After the action potential, sodium ions are pumped out of the neuron to reset its electrical status, readying it for another signal 1 2.