Does abstinence increase testosterone?

Abstinence can indeed increase testosterone levels, but the relationship between sexual activity and testosterone is nuanced. Andrew Huberman explains that while the physical act of sex does increase testosterone, with observed increases up to 70% during actual intercourse, abstinence from ejaculation for a week or more can lead to an even greater increase in testosterone, up to 400%. It's important to note that ejaculation does not reduce testosterone levels but does increase prolactin levels, which affects the refractory period in males 1.