What are the risks of ADHD medications?
Sources:
Andrew Huberman discusses several risks associated with ADHD medications, particularly stimulants like Adderall, Ritalin, and methamphetamine:
-
Addiction and Abuse: Recreational or off-prescription use of ADHD medications such as Adderall can lead to significant increases in dopamine, causing euphoria and a heightened focus that may result in addiction and abuse, particularly in those without ADHD. This is due to the large and rapid increase in dopamine levels which can set in motion a dependency on the substance 1.
-
Psychosis: There is a risk of psychosis, especially when these drugs are used inappropriately. Factors such as having a family history of psychotic episodes can increase this risk 2.
-
Emotional and Physical Side Effects: Excessive dopamine and norepinephrine can lead to emotional states like euphoria or mania and physical symptoms such as anxiety, panic attacks, and uncomfortable peripheral symptoms like elevated heart rate and excessive sweating 3.
-
Withdrawal and Dependency: While individuals treated for ADHD with these medications are less likely to develop addictions to other substances, questions about dependency on the medication itself are complex. Stopping the medication can lead to withdrawal symptoms that make it hard to differentiate between withdrawal and the effects of the underlying ADHD 2.
-
Cardiovascular and Growth Concerns: Long-term use raises concerns about cardiovascular risks due to prolonged activation of the sympathetic nervous system. However, appropriate usage during development does not generally stunt physiological growth or height 4.
It is crucial that these medications are prescribed by a qualified professional and that the dosage is carefully managed to minimize risks. Combining drug treatments with behavioral therapy is recommended for more effective management of ADHD 5.
RELATED QUESTIONS-
