Can genes affect speech accents?

Genes do not affect speech accents. Speech accents are entirely influenced by the speech environment a person is exposed to during childhood, particularly the speech of their peers rather than their family 1. While certain physical characteristics of the voice, such as pitch or resonance, can have genetic components related to the vocal tract, these do not determine accent 2.

However, genes play a significant role in shaping the neural circuits involved in speech and language learning. Specific genes influence the connectivity in brain areas responsible for speech, impacting language acquisition and vocal control 3 4. So while accents are learned, the underlying capability for speech itself is supported by genetic factors.