How are damaged mitochondria repaired?

Damaged mitochondria are primarily repaired through a process known as mitochondrial fusion and fission. This process allows mitochondria to repair themselves by fusing with healthy mitochondria, exchanging DNA content, proteins, and other necessary components. After the exchange, the mitochondria split apart again. This dynamic cycle helps in maintaining mitochondrial function by removing damaged parts and sharing healthy components from other mitochondria. If these mechanisms of fusion and fission are impaired, it results in the accumulation of damage, as the mitochondria are unable to repair themselves effectively 1.