What is thermoregulation?
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Thermoregulation is the process by which the body maintains its core internal temperature within a narrow, optimal range despite external temperature changes.
explains that this involves both physiological and behavioral mechanisms. When the body is exposed to cold, it conserves heat by secreting adrenaline, causing vasoconstriction, and promoting heat retention in the core while reducing blood flow to the extremities. This process can cause goosebumps as the body attempts to create an insulated blanket of warm air around the skin by raising hair follicles 1 2.
Conversely, in hot conditions, the body dissipates heat through vasodilation (expanding blood vessels), sweating, and other mechanisms to cool down. This helps prevent hyperthermia, a state where the body's temperature becomes dangerously high, potentially leading to organ failure and neuron death 3 4.
Thus, thermoregulation is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring optimal physiological functioning. Understanding and leveraging these mechanisms can also enhance athletic performance and recovery 5.
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