How do smart drugs work?

Smart drugs, or nootropics, are substances designed to enhance cognitive functions such as focus, creativity, motivation, and memory. Andrew Huberman notes that defining a single substance as a "smart drug" is problematic because cognitive capabilities vary greatly, and different neural circuits handle various brain states such as creativity or alertness 1 2.

Mechanisms of Action:

1. Dopamine & Norepinephrine Boosters:

   • Some smart drugs work by boosting dopamine and norepinephrine, which play key roles in focus and motivation. Classic examples include Ritalin and Adderall, commonly prescribed for ADHD 3.
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       Nootropics and Nutrition

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       Rethinking Nootropics

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       Smart Drugs Explored

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       Nootropics and Energy

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2. Blood Glucose Enhancers:

   • Certain nootropics elevate blood glucose levels, thus enhancing cognitive performance. Drugs like paracetams and even illegal substances like amphetamines work this way. However, they carry significant risks and are not recommended for casual use 4.

3. Cholinergic System Stimulators:

   • Other nootropics activate the cholinergic system, crucial for memory and learning. These include choline supplements and prescription medications like fosostigmine 4.

Tailoring to Individual Needs:

Personalization is essential since different cognitive tasks (e.g., artistic creativity vs. mathematical focus) require different brain states. Companies like Thesis offer personalized nootropic blends to target these specific cognitive needs 1. Always consult a healthcare provider before starting any nootropic regimen due to the complexity and potential side effects.