What are SSRIs and MAO inhibitors?

SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) and MAO (Monoamine Oxidase) inhibitors are classes of drugs used primarily to treat depression by impacting neurotransmitter levels in the brain.

SSRIs

SSRIs work by preventing the reabsorption (reuptake) of serotonin in the brain, making more serotonin available to improve transmission of messages between neurons. They do not increase the total amount of serotonin, but they enhance the functioning of the serotonin that is present. This action helps to stabilize mood, emotions, and promotes a feeling of well-being. Examples of SSRIs include drugs like Prozac (Fluoxetine) and Zoloft (Sertraline) 1 2.

MAO Inhibitors

MAO inhibitors work by blocking the activity of monoamine oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. By inhibiting this enzyme, MAO inhibitors increase the levels of these neurotransmitters available in the brain. This can help to enhance mood and alleviate depression. However, they are generally not the first line of treatment due to potential side effects and dietary restrictions 3 2.

Both types of drugs are important in the treatment of depression and other mental health conditions, but they work through different mechanisms and have different effects on the brain's chemical environment.