What are large language models?

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advanced AI systems capable of understanding and generating human-like text by analyzing vast amounts of data. They are built on architectures such as transformers, which significantly enhance their ability to scale and learn from the data. LLMs are not merely language processors; they can predict sequences of text based on prompts and can be adapted to various data types beyond language, such as biological data.

One of the main capabilities of LLMs is their ability to find patterns in data that might not be evident to even well-educated human observers. They can simulate potential outcomes, like predicting the next sequence in text or understanding complex data interactions in scientific research, such as interactions within human cells.

The term "Large" emphasizes their capacity to be trained on extensive datasets, gaining insights that were previously unattainable. They represent a significant leap in machine learning, with applications ranging from automated text generation to complex problem-solving in various fields including healthcare and biology 1.