What is existential psychology?

Existential psychology explores the deep questions about human existence, focusing on the meaning of life, freedom, and the inevitability of death. It can be seen as having both "dark" and "light" sides. The "dark" side, often related to terror management theory, examines how awareness of mortality impacts behavior and belief systems as defense mechanisms to cope with existential threats. This perspective suggests that humans cling to beliefs to manage fears of death and vulnerability 1 2.

On the other hand, existential psychology also involves what is termed "existential agency," which is the belief in one's ability to lead a meaningful life. This concept highlights the positive aspects of existential thought, such as the capability to create meaning and purpose 3.

Often linked with existentialism, this field draws heavily on the ideas of philosophers like Søren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Albert Camus, who explore themes of anxiety, freedom, and the search for meaning. For example, Kierkegaard viewed existential angst as a recognition of one's freedom and a necessary part of understanding and living a meaningful life 4.

In summary, existential psychology delves into how individuals find meaning despite the inherent challenges of life, balancing fears and vulnerabilities with the pursuit of personal significance and purpose 1 4.