What are the flaws of research?

Shane Parrish highlights several flaws associated with research, particularly emphasizing data manipulation and the influence of narrow or biased sampling. He recounts an eye-opening episode where his professor demonstrated how easily results could be manipulated to show significance, which illustrated the potent risks of data manipulation in research. This experience also underscored the prevalence of such practices in real-world scenarios, revealing a critical flaw in how research data can be shaped to fit desired outcomes rather than representing true findings [1].