Why is iodine important for metabolism?

Iodine is crucial for metabolism due to its pivotal role in thyroid hormone production. Thyroid hormones, such as T3 and T4, regulate various metabolic processes, including energy consumption, digestion, heart and muscle function, and brain development 1 2 3.

Iodine combines with the amino acid L-tyrosine to produce these thyroid hormones. A deficiency in iodine can lead to hypothyroidism, resulting in symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and slowed metabolism. Severe deficiency may cause goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland 4 5.

Additionally, iodine has anti-inflammatory properties, helping to reduce levels of C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6, further supporting overall metabolic health 6 7. Ensuring adequate iodine intake is essential, especially for those on restrictive diets that may lack this nutrient.