Does alcohol affect testosterone?

Alcohol affects testosterone levels by increasing the conversion of testosterone to estrogen, a process known as aromatization. This occurs in various tissues, not just in the testes of males, and can lead to increased estrogen levels and decreased testosterone levels. Regular consumption of alcohol, especially in significant amounts, can result in negative effects such as diminished sex drive, increased fat storage, and, in males, abnormal growth of breast tissue (gynecomastia). While small amounts of alcohol might temporarily increase testosterone in some studies, overall, alcohol tends to decrease testosterone levels over time due to this aromatization process 1.

Dr. Kyle Gillett also notes that alcohol significantly increases the enzyme aromatase, which is responsible for this conversion from testosterone to estrogen, and this increase is dose-dependent. Limiting alcohol intake is generally advised to maintain optimal testosterone-to-estrogen ratios 2.