Does sex promote pair bonding?

Yes, sex does promote pair bonding. According to Robin Dunbar, sex is designed to be a pleasurable experience to encourage repetition, thereby reinforcing the pair bond between partners. Dunbar explains that humans engage in more frequent sex than necessary for conception to prolong the pleasurable components of sex, which strengthens the emotional bond. This bonding is facilitated by the endorphin system, akin to opioids like morphine, enhancing feelings of relaxation and trust with the partner 1.

Moreover, evolutionary psychologist Geoffrey Miller highlights that deep pair bonds have existed in human evolution for millions of years. These bonds have been crucial for raising children together with two parents, significantly contributing to humanity's success. However, Miller points out that while we have pair bonding instincts, they don’t necessarily equate to lifelong monogamy. People in polyamorous relationships also experience meaningful pair bonds, suggesting that human bonding is complex and varies widely depending on individual and cultural contexts 2.