What is the genetic code?

The genetic code refers to the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. Specifically, these rules define how sequences of nucleotide bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine in DNA, replaced by uracil in RNA) form codons, which specify particular amino acids. Thus, the genetic code is essential for translating genes into proteins, influencing both an organism's form and function.