How does pair bonding affect addiction?

Pair bonding affects addiction by influencing the neurochemical processes in the brain, notably through the release of dopamine and oxytocin. When discussing the effects of pornography and pair bonding, Dr. Andrew Huberman explains that without a real partner, an individual may experience an "open loop" of neurochemicals such as oxytocin and prolactin after seeking sexual release. This can leave a feeling of emptiness due to incomplete emotional bonding, potentially leading to a depletion of the dopamine system over time. Such depletion is common in various forms of addiction, where the initial surge of dopamine with addictive behaviors diminishes as the addiction progresses 1.

Dr. Anna Lembke adds that people with severe addiction may crave intense experiences, including those provided by pair bonding. The dynamics within addiction recovery communities can themselves become a source of substantial dopamine release through social interactions, acting as a form of emotional nourishment and possibly leading to what might be termed an addiction to recovery 2.