Hardware vs. software limitations?

In discussions about hardware and software limitations, experts like David Deutsch and Carl Shulman have elaborated on several aspects:

1. Hardware Limitations:

   • David Deutsch discusses the idea that hardware limitations primarily pertain to memory capacity and computation speed. However, even with these limitations, it's possible to augment human capabilities by enhancing hardware. For instance, by using technology that improves computation speed, humans can achieve similar processing abilities as advanced computers 1.
   • Carl Shulman addresses the progression and investment in AI hardware. He emphasizes how improvements in hardware technology are crucial for advancing AI capabilities, such as by increasing the computational power available for AI models. He points out that even though software can be copied and distributed freely, the physical resources (hardware) necessary to run them come at a cost 2.

2. Software Limitations:

   • Software limitations often relate to the existing capabilities and the adaptability of the software to new tasks. For example, David Deutsch mentions that certain cognitive processes might be seen as hardware-dependent, but essentially they can be replicated with the right software adjustments. This includes complex emotions and cognitive abilities which may initially appear to require specific hardware, but can be synthesized through software solutions 1.
   • Carl Shulman also highlights the importance of software in AI development. He explains how software improvements, alongside hardware, can lead to significant advancements in AI. This includes both the creation of new models and the optimization of existing ones 2.

These insights underline how both hardware and software play critical roles in determining the capabilities and limitations of systems. While hardware provides the necessary infrastructure, software defines the operations and behaviors that can be executed.