Are hangovers genetic?

Hangovers have both genetic and microbiome influences.

Genetic Factors

Experts highlight that the way individuals metabolize alcohol can differ due to genetic variations. One key genetic component involves the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). People with a specific genetic variant of ALDH2 experience higher levels of acetaldehyde, a toxic byproduct of alcohol metabolism, which can worsen hangover symptoms like flushing, nausea, and headaches 1 2.

Microbiome Influences

Apart from genetics, the microbiome also plays a significant role in how hangovers manifest. The composition of an individual’s gut microbiome affects how alcohol and acetaldehyde are processed. Different microbiomes can lead to variations in the severity of hangovers after similar drinking experiences 2.

Conclusion

While genetic predispositions certainly affect the severity and symptoms of hangovers, factors such as the gut microbiome also contribute significantly. Both aspects combined determine an individual's overall experience and susceptibility to hangovers.