Groundwater Basics

Groundwater exists beneath the earth's surface, filling the pore spaces in rock and soil, with about 30% of the planet's readily available freshwater found in this form. The saturated zone contains water under pressure, while the unsaturated zone holds a mix of water and air. Understanding the distinction between these zones and the role of aquifers is crucial, as they are the underground layers that store and transmit groundwater, which can be accessed through wells.