Electron Energy Levels
The distribution of electrons in energy levels is influenced by the availability of valence electrons, filling from low to high energy states. At absolute zero, a stark cutoff exists between filled and empty levels, but at realistic temperatures, thermal energy causes a smearing effect, leading to vacancies just below the Fermi level. The Fermi level itself represents the energy state with a 50% chance of occupancy, which varies with temperature.In this clip
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Episode 92: How Computers Work Part II - Silicon and Transistors
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