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Antinutrients in Kale and Spinach

Rhonda discusses the antinutrients present in kale and spinach, specifically isothiocyanates and oxalate. She addresses concerns about hypothyroidism and kidney stone risk, explaining that animal studies have shown that large quantities of isothiocyanates do not cause hypothyroidism and that magnesium and calcium ions can make oxalate insoluble. Rhonda also shares that she has been consuming a smoothie high in isothiocyanates and raw spinach for several years without any kidney or thyroid irregularities.