What are apigenin and passionflower?

Apigenin and passionflower are compounds commonly found in supplements designed to enhance sleep and relaxation by affecting the GABA system in the brain.

Apigenin

• Source: Apigenin is derived from chamomile.
• Function: It works by increasing the activity of enzymes associated with GABA metabolism, which is an inhibitory neurotransmitter. This action is similar to the effects experienced after consuming alcohol.
• Mechanism: Apigenin increases the activity of chloride channels, leading to hyperpolarization of neurons, making them less active and supporting relaxation and sleep.
• Additional Effects: While useful, apigenin also has some estrogen-suppressing properties, which might be unwanted depending on individual health conditions and goals1 2.

Passionflower

• Function: Passionflower also affects the GABA system and is used to increase sleepiness and induce sleep.
• Mechanism: Like apigenin, it works by increasing the activity of chloride channels, promoting the inhibitory action of GABA.

Both compounds are used due to their ability to facilitate relaxation and improve sleep by modulating the GABA neurotransmitter system. However, it is recommended to consult a healthcare provider before trying these supplements, particularly because of their effects on other bodily systems like hormone levels1.