Hormones and Muscle Growth

Testosterone is widely recognized as a key hormone for muscle synthesis, influencing both men and women, particularly during puberty. However, estrogen also plays a crucial role in maintaining muscle mass in women, especially post-menopause. The mechanisms involve steroid hormones enhancing muscle protein synthesis and supporting satellite cell function, which is vital for muscle repair and growth. Additionally, testosterone may impact mental states, contributing to traits desirable in athletic performance.